Wiring Diagram

MICROPHONE COMPUTER CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

The sound card for a PC generally has a microphone input, speaker output and sometimes line inputs and outputs. The mic input is designed for dynamic microphones only in impedance range of 200 to 600 ohms. Lazar has adapted the sound card to use a common electret microphone using this circuit. He has made a composite amplifier using two transistors.

rangkaian microphone komputer Skema rangkaian microphone komputer

Transistor BC413B operates in common emitter to give a slight boost to the mic signal. This is followed by an emitter follower stage using transistor BC547C. This is necessary as the mic and circuit and battery will be some distance from the sound card, the low output impedance of the circuit and screened cable ensuring a clean signal with minimum noise pickup.

Transistor BC413

    * Collector Emitter Voltage VCEO 30 V
    * Collector Base Voltage VCBO 45 V
    * Emitter Base Voltage VEBO 5.0 V
    * Collector Current Continuous IC 100 mA
    * Power Dissipation at Ta=25ºC PD 350 Mw Derate Above 25ºC 2.8 mW/ºC
    * Power Dissipation at Tc=25ºC PD 1.0 W Derate Above 25ºC 8.0 mW/ºC
    * Operating and Storage Junction TJ, Tstg ºC - 55 to +150

SKEMA RANGKAIAN PENENTU B-C-E TRANSISTOR

Basis-Collector-Emitter Transistor

Testing procedure:

    * Connect randomly the pins of the transistor under test to J1, J2 and J3 sockets or clips.
    * Close SW1, SW2 and SW3.
    * Push on P1; if the transistor is in good health the response of the Identifier will be:
    * Two terminals will show both LEDs illuminated, the remaining one will show a single LED illuminated.
    * If the LED illuminated is Red, the pin connected to the related connector will be the Base of a NPN transistor.
    * If the LED illuminated is Green, the pin connected to the related connector will be the Base of a PNP transistor.
    * Open the switch related to the single illuminated LED: the two terminals showing both LEDs illuminated will change their state and a single LED per terminal will be illuminated. The LED which previously indicated the Base pin will turn-off.
    * If the transistor was previously identified as NPN, the pin connected to the now illuminated Green LED will be the Emitter, whereas the pin connected to the Red LED will be the Collector.
    * If the transistor was previously identified as PNP, the pin connected to the now illuminated Red LED will be the Emitter, whereas the pin connected to the Green LED will be the Collector.

LED INDICATOR AUDIO AMPLIFIER CIRCUIT SCHEMATIC DIAGRAM

This circuit, connected to the loudspeaker output of an audio amplifier, will indicate the instantaneous output power delivered to the loudspeaker(s) by means of six LEDs illuminating one after another by voltage values increasing little by little, providing the visual impression of a luminous bar or column, increasing and decreasing in height following the increase and decrease of the signal’s level.

Notes:

    * The output power indicated by each LED must be doubled when 4 Ohms loads are driven.
    * The circuit can be adapted to suit less powerful amplifiers by reducing the number of LEDs and related voltage dividers.

Lampu LED Disko Mengikuti Musik

This series consists of 10 led a mounted sequential, Supply 9V IC1A needed to strengthen to 100 times and move the audio signal IC1B. Sensitivity level of the circuit can be adjusted by changing the value of R4. The value of C4 was changed from 220 to 470nF. Each input R9 must be linked with the IC2 output pins.

Interface & Program LCD 2 x 16 to Microcontroller

The 2 X16 Parallel LCD is an 8 bit or 4 bit parallel interfaced LCD. This unit allows the user to display text, numerical data and custom created characters. The LCD uses the HD44780 series LCD driver from Hitachi, or equivalent controller. The LCD is connected to a female 14-pin connector for easy interface with the BS2p24/40 Demo Board (#45187) and the Professional Development Board (#28138). Though the device has the ribbon cable and 14-pin connector it may also be hooked up manually using the diagram on the next page.

The 2 X16 Parallel LCD is an 8 bit or 4 bit parallel interfaced LCD. This unit allows the user to display text, numerical data and custom created characters. The LCD uses the HD44780 series LCD driver from Hitachi, or equivalent controller. The LCD is connected to a female 14-pin
connector for easy interface with the BS2p24/40 Demo Board (#45187) and the Professional Development Board (#28138). Though the device has the ribbon cable and 14-pin connector it may also be hooked up manually using the diagram on the next page.

The following example 2x16 LCD connection (16characters, 2 line) to a dsPIC30F microcontroller by using a 4-bit and 8-bit interface. The following code demonstrates the usage of the LCD Custom Library routines. The example covers the initialization of the LCD module and instructions for contolling and writing the module. The realization is carried out by using the mikroBasic compiler for dsPIC30F Microcontrollers. The interconnection of the LCD module and a dsPIC30F devices by using a 4-bit interface is shown in Fig. 13-1.

Interface LCD 2 x 16 to MicrocontrollerInterface LCD 2 x 16 to Microcontroller (dsPIC30F) using 4-bit

Interface LCD 2 x 16 to MicrocontrollerInterface LCD 2 x 16 to Microcontroller (dsPIC30F) using 4-bit


example program LCD 4bit

dim txt as string[15]

main:
ADPCFG = $FFFF
Lcd_Init(PORTB, 3,2,1,0, PORTD, 0,2,1)
Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF)
Lcd_Cmd(LCD_CLEAR)

Lcd_Out(1, 1, "mikroElektronika")
Lcd_Out(2, 1, "2x16 LCD Testing")
end.


example program LCD 8bit

dim txt as string[10]

main:
ADPCFG = $FFFF ' PORTB to be digital
Lcd8_Init(PORTB, 7, 6, 5, 4, 3, 2, 1, 0, PORTD, 0, 1, 2)
Lcd8_Cmd(LCD_CURSOR_OFF)
Lcd8_Cmd(LCD_CLEAR)

Lcd8_Out(1, 1, "mikroElektronika")
Lcd8_Out(2, 1, "2x16 LCD Testing")
end.

IC 555 Motorcycle Alarm Circuit



Rangkaian Motorcycle Alarm

This circuit features an intermittent siren output and automatic reset. It can be operated manually using a key-switch or a hidden switch; but it can also be wired to set itself automatically when you turn-off the ignition. By adding external relays you can immobilize the bike, flash the lights etc. I have used Andy's Asymmetric Timer as the basis for this design.

Rangkaian Motorcycle AlarmSkema Rangkaian IC 555 Motorcycle Alarm

Any number of normally-open switches may be used. Fit "tilt" switches that close when the steering is moved or when the bike is lifted off its side-stand or pushed forward off its centre-stand. Use micro-switches to protect removable panels and the lids of panniers etc.

The alarm's standby current is virtually zero - so it won't drain your battery. Once activated - the rate at which the siren switches on and off is controlled by R7, R8 & C4. For example, increasing R7 will make the sound period longer - while increasing R8 gives longer silent periods.

The circuit is designed to use an electronic Siren drawing 300 to 400mA. It's not usually a good idea to use the bike's own Horn because it can be easily located and disconnected. However - if you choose to use the Horn - remember that the alarm relay is too small to carry the necessary current. Connect the coil of a suitably rated relay to the "Siren" output. This can then be used to sound the Horn, flash the lights etc.

The circuit board and switches must be protected from the elements. Dampness or condensation will cause malfunction. Connect a 1-amp in-line fuse AS CLOSE AS POSSIBLE to your power source. This is VERY IMPORTANT. The fuse is there to protect the wiring - not the alarm. Exactly how the system is fitted will depend on the make of your particular machine - so I'm unable to provide any further help or advice in this regard.

When you set the alarm - if one of the switches is closed - the siren will sound. This could cause annoyance late at night. A small modification will allow you to Monitor The State Of The Switches using LEDs. When the LEDs are all off - the switches are all open - and it's safe to turn the alarm on


This circuit will energize and de-energize a relay at the push of a button. Any type of momentary action push-to-make switch can be used. Pushing the button once - will energize the relay. And pushing it a second time - will de-energize the relay

Rangkaian Toggle Switch Skema Rangkaian Toggle Switch

I've drawn the circuit with a single pole relay. But you can use a multi-pole relay if it suits your application. Only one half of the Cmos 4013 is used. So you could construct two independent toggle switches with a single IC. The circuit will work at anything from 5 to 15-volts. All you need do is select a relay with a coil voltage that suits your supply.

The LED provides a visual indication that the relay is energized. In effect - it tells you whether the switch is on or off. It's not necessary to the operation of the circuit. If you wish you may leave out R3 and the LED.